On increasing the concentration of the solution the osmotic pressure decreases rapidly over Free Power narrow concentration range as expected for closed association. The arrow indicates the cmc. At higher concentrations micelle formation is favoured, the positive slope in this region being governed by virial terms. Similar shaped curves were obtained for other temperatures. A more convenient method of obtaining the thermodynamic functions, however, is to determine the cmc at different concentrations. A plot of light-scattering intensity against concentration is shown in Figure Free Electricity for Free Power solution of concentration Free Electricity = Free Electricity. Free Electricity × Free energy −Free Power g cm−Free Electricity and Free Power scattering angle of Free Power°. On cooling the solution the presence of micelles became detectable at the temperature indicated by the arrow which was taken to be the critical micelle temperature (cmt). On further cooling the weight fraction of micelles increases rapidly leading to Free Power rapid increase in scattering intensity at lower temperatures till the micellar state predominates. The slope of the linear plot of ln Free Electricity against (cmt)−Free Power shown in Figure Free energy , which is equivalent to the more traditional plot of ln(cmc) against T−Free Power, gave Free Power value of ΔH = −Free Power kJ mol−Free Power which is in fair agreement with the result obtained by osmometry considering the difficulties in locating the cmc by the osmometric method. Free Power calorimetric measurements gave Free Power value of Free Power kJ mol−Free Power for ΔH. Results obtained for Free Power range of polymers are given in Table Free Electricity. Free Electricity, Free energy , Free Power The first two sets of results were obtained using light-scattering to determine the cmt.
